#Islam #Science #India
Ibn Khaldun’s (1332 - 1395) explanation: "Who says in his Prolegomena that the Arabs received science from the Indians, as well as their numerals and calculation methods, when a group of erudite Indian scholars came to the court of the caliph al-Mansur in year 156 of the Hegira (776 CE). " Ibn Khaldun is universally recognized as the founder and father of Sociology and Sciences of History. He is best known for his famous 'Muqaddimah,' (Prolegomena). Abd al-Rahman Ibn Mohammad, generally known as Ibn Khaldun after a remote ancestor, was born in Tunis in 732 A.H. (1332 C.E.) to an upper class family that had migrated from Seville in Muslim Spain. His ancestors were Yemenite Arabs who settled in Spain in the very beginning of Muslim rule in the eighth century. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Khaldun Book source: https://www.amazon.co.uk/Phytotherapies-Efficacy-Regulation-Iqbal-Ramzan/dp/1118268067 Download link: http://asian-massive-crew.com/community/showthread.php?t=43201 Post slide link: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCh4RdvD5BE7XVS7MA62bYeg/community?lb=UgkxAf6gSUynfeRiZTgI-PyFrdP7KjDL2IcY Quranic verses: https://quran.com/en/al-baqarah/32 They replied, “Glory be to You! We have no knowledge except what You have taught us. You are truly the All-Knowing, All-Wise.” "You are the BEST nation produced [as an EXAMPLE] for mankind. enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and believe in Allah. If only the People of the Scripture had believed, it would have been BETTER for them. Among them are believers, but most of them are defiantly disobedient." https://quran.com/3:110 “They are the ones who follow the Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, whose description they find in their Torah and the Gospel. He commands them to do good and forbids them from evil, permits for them what is lawful and forbids to them what is impure, and relieves them from their burdens and the shackles that bound them. Only those who believe in him, honour and support him, and follow the light sent down to him will be successful.” https://quran.com/en/al-araf/157 “Say, O Prophet, “O humanity! I am Allah’s Messenger to you all. To Him alone belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. There is no god worthy of worship except Him. He gives life and causes death.” So believe in Allah and His Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, who believes in Allah and His revelations. And follow him, so you may be rightly guided.” https://quran.com/en/al-araf/158 Narrated Ibn `Umar: The Prophet said, "We ARE an illiterate nation; we NEITHER write, nor know accounts. The month is like this and this, i.e. sometimes of 29 days and sometimes of thirty days." https://sunnah.com/bukhari:1913 https://quran.com/98/6 Indeed, those who disbelieve from the People of the Book and the polytheists will be in the Fire of Hell, to stay there forever. They are the worst of ˹all˺ beings. https://quran.com/en/ali-imran/85 Whoever seeks a way other than Islam,1 it will never be accepted from them, and in the Hereafter they will be among the losers https://quran.com/en/an-nisa/56 Surely those who reject Our signs, We will cast them into the Fire. Whenever their skin is burnt completely, We will replace it so they will ˹constantly˺ taste the punishment. Indeed, Allah is Almighty, All-Wise. https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/ideas/philosophy/41117/ibn-khaldun-the-man-who-invented-modern-history Ronald Reagan once cited him. Mark Zuckerberg picked his great work as one of his book club choices. And the British historian Arnold Toynbee described it “as undoubtedly the greatest work of its kind that has ever yet been created by any mind in any time or place.” These are pretty unusual encomia for a 14th-century North African historian—but then Ibn Khaldun was an unusually gifted man. His Muqaddimah is a book-length introduction—or prolegomena—to a much longer history of the world Muslim literacy: 40% of Muslim world's population unable to read or write: Study https://www.ummid.com/news/2015/February/11.02.2015/literacy-in-muslim-world.html https://www.amust.com.au/2021/08/literacy-in-muslim-majority-countries/ Unfortunately fifteen countries including largely populated countries of Bangladesh, Pakistan and Nigeria still lag behind in literacy (Less than 62%). However, compared to the literacy Data of 1980 (Aerage 30%), 2018 data is highly satisfactory. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mansur
